الموضوع: عمل منجلة بسيطة و متنقلة

Is your engine on the cusp of internal meltdown? If so, water injection can put the chill on your combustion chamber temperatures.
When you think of fire, quite often you think about water and how it is used to douse the flame, so it wouldn’t seem right that you could inject water into an internal combustion engine and have it work properly let alone help you make more horsepower. Injected in the proper amount, however, water, can be a powerful ally in the war against detonation, and enable you to increase ignition timing for improved power.

The practice of water and water/methanol injection has been around for quite some time. It was first implemented on combat aircraft (back when they had piston engines), as it allowed for a short, extra boost in power during combat maneuvers as well as takeoffs when loaded down with armament. Later on, during the turbocharged era of Formula 1, several teams utilized the concept on their racecars to great effect only to have it eventually banned.

Induction Solutions started building custom water injection systems about a year ago, and the company uses quality components to ensure system reliability and accurate performance. The systems are quite simple from a component standpoint; there are nozzles, tubing, fittings to connect it all, a distribution block, a water pump, and reservoir tank.

As we mentioned in the opening paragraph, its normal to think of water dousing a flame, as water doesn’t burn. What it does do, when subjected to intense heat, is turn to steam. The heat required to effectuate that transformation is absorbed from the combustion process, thus reducing the combustion chamber temperatures. With that reduction in chamber temperatures comes a cooling effect on the engine head, pistons, valves, and cylinders, as there is less heat to be transferred into these components.

The water injection systems that Induction Solutions builds are direct-port layouts much like the many of the company’s nitrous systems that it has become known for. They can plumb them on top of the runner for easy access or, as is the case with this small-block Ford setup, the system can be plumbed from the bottom of the runners to allow for a direct-port nitrous system up top.
Keep in mind that injecting water into your engine takes some engineering to be done properly and there are a number of companies on the market that offer water injection systems. Most of these are designed for forced induction applications, but a small few, like Induction Solutions of Brooksville, Florida, are seeing benefits in using them with naturally aspirated and now nitrous-oxide-assisted applications.

Water injection excels in engines with high cylinder temperatures, and with the use of large amounts of nitrous oxide in a racing application, there are times when you can’t pull any more timing to reduce the cylinder temperatures or don’t have the octane to slow the combustion process. Water injection is still relatively new in nitrous applications, but there is a growing number of racers that are looking to the system for the safety and reliability that it provides engines on the limit.

Here’s a bottom-mount water injection setup completely plumbed and ready to ship to the customer. The tubing is connected via push-lock connectors for easy assembly and maintenance.

Induction Solutions entered the water injection market about a year ago, as customer interest started growing. Customers such as Walter Drakeford were finding that 500hp worth of nitrous on a small-block Ford was generating combustion chamber temperatures that would burn the ground electrode or strap, as they are commonly referred to, off. With combustion chamber temperatures this hot, engine component failure is a distinct possibility, and that’s a pricey consequence that neither gets you to the winner’s circle nor does it favor your pocketbook.

“We burned some engines up,” Drakeford tells us. “Conditions would change just a bit, and we would pull the plugs and the [ground] straps would be burned off.” When the point is to go as fast as possible, jetting down the nitrous to ensure a greater level of safety isn’t really an option. Familiar with water/methanol injection systems that he has installed on many of his customer’s boosted street cars and their effect on combustion chamber temperatures, Drakeford contacted Induction Solutions for, well, a solution.

Here’s a shot of a top-mount, water injection installation. This may be the way to go if you’re running a naturally aspirated combo, or a plate-style of nitrous oxide injection. It offers easy access to the entire system.

“Two things we look at are how much nitrous they are using, and how sensitive the engine is to timing changes,” says Steve Johnson, president of Induction Solutions. “Small-block Fords are particularly sensitive, with six degrees of timing about the limit. There’s a point at which taking out timing just doesn’t have the desired effect; adding water injection can allow you to run more nitrous at that same timing specification.”
The pump is designed for use with water/methanol and water-only systems. It is made in America and generates 100-150 psi of pressure. Induction Solutions can adjust the pump and the nozzles to achieve a specific flow rate for the system. Walter Drakeford modified his water delivery system with a nitrous solenoid that controls the water injection via a CO2-pressurized reservoir. The system has worked well, though many will likely opt for traditional pump and reservoir sold with the kit, as it is easier to plumb and has been a proven design for decades.
Whereas many of the current water injection systems on the market now use a single spray nozzle in the intake tract, Induction Solutions has come up with a direct-port system. Despite it’s small size, atomized water does not like to make turns, so the direct-port injection delivers the water charge more efficiently, accurately, and it allows for tuning each individual cylinder; a concept that Induction Solutions is very familiar with given its history in the direct-port side of the nitrous oxide business.


The reservoir can be mounted most anywhere, but the closer to the pump, the better. This particular unit, mounted in Eugene Rodriguez’ Ultra Street Fox body Mustang is bolted to the roll bar in the cabin, and rests above the pump to provide a steady gravity-fed stream of fluid.
Induction Solutions’ direct-port water injection system consists of nozzles, fittings, quality Parker tubing, water pump, and reservoir tank. Lest you think these are just off-the-shelf parts, they are indeed specific to the application. The water pumps used are designed to run much higher pressures than the water pump you might find on the front of the engine, and don’t try to use a fuel injection pump. Water is both conductive and corrosive, and will kill an EFI pump in short order.

How well does water injection work? The 434ci, nitrous-gulping small-block in Walter Drakeford’s Ultra Street Mustang has experienced no issues in the six months it has been equipped with it. While on the edge before, the engine now has the reliability it needs to go rounds while retaining its race-winning level of competitiveness.

Aside from getting the right components for the job and welding in the nozzle bungs in the intake manifold, the system goes together rather easily. Push-lock connectors are used to plumb the water injection system, and everything can be quickly disassembled for maintenance. Planning for the reservoir and pump locations will take a bit of thought, but after looking at Drakeford’s setup, as well as that of Induction Solutions customer, Eugene Rodriguez, they both have simply installed theirs inside the cabin of the car.

The Induction Solutions direct-port water injection system is designed to inject water only, currently. Certain class rules do not allow alcohol/methanol to be ingested or have regulations pertaining to using just one type of fuel. In these instances, water injection doesn’t qualify as a fuel, but still offers safety and power-enhancing properties to the engine. Induction Solutions recommends distilled water to ensure a clean substance is being introduced to you engine.

As a result of using water injection on his Ultra Street Mustang, Drakeford has yet to lose an engine in the six months he’s had it on the car. If you want that race-winning tune-up, but need an extra margin of safety, a water injection system may be the answer.






fuel gas around 125 psi and the use of shielding gases to focus the plasma beam into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine



Water Injection, also known as Wa-i

It may be a bit strange to hear, injecting water into engine combustion chamber ... hmm.
But it turns out that this method gives many benefits.

Wa-i is not a new innovation; even it has been applied in fighter planes during the World War 2 to improve the engine power during the attack.
Heat is a major issue in machine, and may cause rapid damage to engine components resulting in lower performance of the engine itself. Heat on the engine combustion chamber can reach 1100º C (2200º F)! Moreover if the machine uses Turbo or Supercharger
Wa-i works by lowering the high temperature in the combustion chamber when the air sucked into the machine gets cool as it mixes with cold water mist, thereby slowing down the burning of gasoline. It can be equal to consuming high-octane gasoline of equivalent of RON 113
This would be advantageous as the ignition timing could be more advance without having knocking symptoms, and the engine power increases. Theoretically, fine water droplets will split into mist in hot temperature of the combustion chamber, it generates additional extra power for the engine.

Benefits of Wa-i:
- Enabling to set gas mixture as efficient as possible (LEAN)
- Enabling to set ignition timing to move forward (ADVANCE) to get larger torsion.
- Keeping the combustion chamber to remain clean, as it always rinses by water vapor.
- Preventing carbon buildup in the combustion chamber.
- Keeping the engine temperature stability.
- Preventing engine Knocking/Pinging.
- Reducing NOx pollution level thanks to low temperature in the combustion chamber.
- Can consume Premium (Ron 88 fuel) without knocking.
- Can be mixed with alcohol / methanol to obtain a higher RON.

Negative impact …
- As the engine does not Knocking / Pinging, it would be difficult to detect fuel quality.
-. More attention should be given to muffler form corrosion possibility.
- Service contract for new car under warranty may be void
-. Extra work to constantly monitor the condition of the water tank is required

Common question: Could this cause Water Hammer?

Discharge of the injected water is very small, in the form of water droplets. When it goes into the combustion chamber, water droplets will break into water vapor at high temperature, hence it is not in the form of water
In other words, Wa-i does not cause Water Hammer.
In a joke of senior colleagues who have applied Wa-i since 2002 in various cars ... "water hammer occurs when the machine rotates at high rpm and a bucket of water is poured through carburetor.. BAMMMM ".. and. the machine will be jammed.
Water for Wa-i is REFINED WATER, or distillated water. Do not use mineral¬-contained water such as well water, tap water or bottled water as it will corrode.

For more powerful engine, refined water may be mixed with Alcohol / Methanol at a mixture of 1:5 to 1:3
On this occasion, I try to apply it in my car. And at this point I refer it to as Stage-1 Wa-i.
At Stage-1 Wa-i, the water stream is regulated by regulator and screened by One Way Filter, then flowing as a subtle splash of water through a syringe, then the water is channeled in through the hose into the existing vacuum in the carburetor or Plenum intake.
I use vacuum hose from Plenum Intake to Fuel Pressure Regulator, then it is distributed through Tee join to supply the Wa-i.